Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD or PGT-M)
In each person, each cell contains chromosomes inherited from each parent, 23 from the father and 23 from the mother. Therefore, each person has two pairs of 23 chromosomes or 46 chromosomes in total. These chromosomes consist of molecules known as DNA.
Our DNA can be divided into small segments known as genes.
When the gene function changes by an alteration known as mutation, a monogenic carrier status (stigma) appears in the sequence in question. In the context of assisted reproduction, the preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic defects (PGT-M) method, also known as preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD), is used to select the embryos that do not carry defects from the parents. By conducting minimally invasive biopsy at the blastocyst stage, it is possible to examine the embryos genetically, with 99% accuracy.
Preimplantation Genetic Screening (PGS or PGT-A)
Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A), also known as preimplantation genetic screening (PGS), is a method that identifies the chromosomal condition of embryos created during IVF, by examining all 23 pairs of human chromosomes. It permits selecting only embryos with the right number of chromosomes to be implanted, by extension leading to the birth of a healthy baby. PGT-A uses the latest next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology to identify those embryos free from chromosome abnormalities, increasing the likelihood of pregnancy per transfer, reducing the risk of miscarriage and allowing single embryo transfer with increased success rates.
Patients who can benefit from PGD/PGS are:
➤ Couples that have one of the two members carrying a balanced chromosomal translocation
➤ Women over 38 years old with an increased risk of chromosomal arithmetic abnormalities
➤ Couples with a history of multiple miscarriages and / or previous abnormal pregnancies
➤ Patients with infertility and / or failed IVF
➤ Couples - carriers of single-gene diseases (dominant or residual) such as Mediterranean anemia, fibrotic disease, colon cancer etc. Couples with a history of sexually transmitted disease such as Duchenne, haemophilia etc.
➤ Couples with an already afflicted child wishing for the birth of another healthy and compatible child with the afflicted baby The embryo lab of the IVFclinic in Greece , blastocyst biopsy (5th day embryo) is performed with the most modern method that ensures the safety of the embryos and the best diagnosis for achieving pregnancy.
